The short answer
Common Bacteria in Sewage
Sewage harbors several types of bacteria that pose health risks. Escherichia coli (E. Coli) is frequently present and can cause severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Salmonella species, another common find, lead to food poisoning-like symptoms such as fever and gastrointestinal distress. These bacteria can survive on surfaces long after the visible water is gone, creating an ongoing contamination risk.
Other bacterial threats include Shigella, which causes dysentery, and Leptospira. Leptospira can enter the body through cuts or mucous membranes, potentially leading to liver and kidney damage. These pathogens highlight why any contact with sewage water is dangerous. If you have a backup, avoid the area and let qualified professionals handle the hazardous cleanup and disinfection process.
Viruses and Parasites Present
Viruses in sewage are microscopic and particularly resilient. Norovirus and rotavirus are common culprits for severe gastroenteritis, often called stomach flu. Hepatitis A virus is another serious concern, affecting liver function and causing jaundice. These viruses spread easily, making cross-contamination a major issue during a cleanup attempt without proper protective equipment and procedures.
Parasitic organisms also thrive in contaminated water. Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium are protozoa that cause prolonged diarrheal illness. They form protective cysts, allowing them to survive in the environment for weeks. Ingesting even a small amount of contaminated water can lead to infection. This is a key reason why thorough sanitation by trained pros is non-negotiable.
How These Pathogens Spread
Pathogens spread through direct contact with contaminated water or by touching soiled surfaces. Simply walking through a flooded area can aerosolize droplets, allowing you to inhale harmful microorganisms. They can also be tracked to other parts of your home on shoes, tools, or pets, turning a localized problem into a whole-house health hazard. Immediate containment is essential.
Contaminated porous materials are a significant reservoir for germs. Carpets, drywall, and upholstery absorb sewage water, trapping pathogens inside. These materials can re-contaminate the air and other surfaces long after the initial event. Effective remediation requires specialized equipment to detect hidden moisture and remove all affected materials to prevent ongoing exposure and microbial growth.
- Direct skin contact with contaminated water or objects.
- Accidental ingestion from touching your face with unclean hands.
- Inhalation of aerosols or dust from dried sewage residue.
- Cross-contamination via shoes, pets, or cleaning tools.
- Consumption of food or drink that came into contact with the area.
Immediate Safety Steps to Take
Your first priority is to ensure everyone's safety. Evacuate children, pets, and anyone with a compromised immune system from the affected area. Turn off electricity at the main breaker if it is safe to do so without walking through standing water. Avoid using any home fixtures, like sinks or toilets, connected to the blocked sewer line to prevent adding more water.
Do not attempt to clean the sewage yourself. Wear waterproof boots and gloves if you must enter the area briefly for emergency steps like shutting off power. Assume every surface the water touched is hazardous. The correct approach is to contact local water damage pros who have the training and protective gear for sewage cleanup and sanitation.
The Professional Cleanup Process
Professional remediation for sewage follows a strict protocol to eliminate health risks. The pros begin by removing all standing contaminated water using industrial-grade extractors. They then dispose of unsalvageable porous materials like carpet padding and damaged drywall, as these items cannot be properly sanitized. This physical removal is the most critical step in pathogen control.
After removal, the area undergoes thorough cleaning with EPA-registered antimicrobial agents. The pros then use air movers and dehumidifiers to dry the structure completely. In humid climates, this drying is especially critical to prevent secondary mold growth. The final step involves verification testing to ensure the space is safe for reoccupation.
- Hazard assessment and safety planning for the work area.
- Containment setup to prevent cross-contamination.
- Removal and safe disposal of contaminated porous materials.
- Application of hospital-grade disinfectants to all surfaces.
- Structural drying and dehumidification to prevent mold.
- Post-remediation verification to confirm a sanitary environment.
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Call Now (410) 237-0394Frequently asked questions
Can I get sick from just smelling sewage backup?
Yes, you can. Sewage gases contain hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, which irritate airways. More importantly, disturbing the area releases airborne particles and pathogens you can inhale, potentially causing respiratory infections or gastrointestinal illness. It's best to stay out of the area entirely.
Does homeowners insurance cover sewage cleanup?
Coverage depends on the cause of the backup. Sudden events like a pipe break may be covered, while neglect or maintenance issues often are not. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered. You should review your policy and promptly report the incident.
What should I throw away after a sewage backup?
Dispose of porous items that contacted sewage, as they cannot be cleaned. This includes carpets, padding, mattresses, upholstered furniture, drywall, and insulation. Non-porous items like metal or hard plastic can often be professionally sanitized and saved.
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